8ts Reaching the age of adolescence
Growth begins from the day one is born. But upon crossing the age of 10 or 11, there is a sudden spurt in growth which becomes noticeable. The changes taking place in the body are part of
growing up. They indicate that you are no longer a child but are on the way to becoming an adult.
The period of life, when the body undergoes changes, leading to reproductive maturity, is called adolescence. Adolescence begins around the age of 11 and lasts upto 18 or 19 years of age.
Questions:1. What is adolescence?
Ans: It is the period of life when the body undergoes changes, leading to reproductive maturity.
Questions:2. Define puberty.
Ans: The stage when human body becomes sexually mature.
Questions:3. Enlist the changes occurring in males and females during puberty.
Ans: Type of change In girls In boys
Increase in height Sudden in crease Sudden in crease
Body shape Waist widens Shoulders broadens
Voice change High pitched Voice becomes deeper
Development Ovaries mature Testes matures and
of sex organs and releases eggs. produces sperms
Questions:4. What is adam's apple?
Ans: The growing voice box in boys can be seen as a protruding part of the throat called adam’s apple.
Questions:5. What are secondary sexual characters?
Ans: These are the features that help to distinguish males from females.
Questions:6. Define the following terms.
Ans: 1. Hormone- they are chemical messengers for various processes and activities in the body
2. Endocrine glands- the ductless glands which secrete hormones directly into blood.
Questions:7. What is the role of hormones in initiating reproductive function?
Growth begins from the day one is born. But upon crossing the age of 10 or 11, there is a sudden spurt in growth which becomes noticeable. The changes taking place in the body are part of
growing up. They indicate that you are no longer a child but are on the way to becoming an adult.
The period of life, when the body undergoes changes, leading to reproductive maturity, is called adolescence. Adolescence begins around the age of 11 and lasts upto 18 or 19 years of age.
Ans: It is the period of life when the body undergoes changes, leading to reproductive maturity.
Questions:2. Define puberty.
Ans: The stage when human body becomes sexually mature.
Questions:3. Enlist the changes occurring in males and females during puberty.
Ans: Type of change In girls In boys
Increase in height Sudden in crease Sudden in crease
Body shape Waist widens Shoulders broadens
Voice change High pitched Voice becomes deeper
Development Ovaries mature Testes matures and
of sex organs and releases eggs. produces sperms
Questions:4. What is adam's apple?
Ans: The growing voice box in boys can be seen as a protruding part of the throat called adam’s apple.
Questions:5. What are secondary sexual characters?
Ans: These are the features that help to distinguish males from females.
Questions:6. Define the following terms.
Ans: 1. Hormone- they are chemical messengers for various processes and activities in the body
2. Endocrine glands- the ductless glands which secrete hormones directly into blood.
Questions:7. What is the role of hormones in initiating reproductive function?
Ans: 1. Hormones from pituitary stimulate testes and ovaries to release testosterone and estrogen
respectively.
2. These sex hormones reach to target sites via blood.
3. Then stimulate changes in the body at the onset of puberty.
Questions:8. Discuss reproductive phase of life in women.
respectively.
2. These sex hormones reach to target sites via blood.
3. Then stimulate changes in the body at the onset of puberty.
Questions:8. Discuss reproductive phase of life in women.
Ans: In females the reproductive phase of life begins at puberty and continues till they reach the age of
45-50 years. The egg begins to mature with the onset of puberty. One mature ovum is released by one
of the ovaries every month. The process is called ovulation. During this period, the walls of the uterus
become thick so as to receive fertilized egg. Then this egg gets implanted in the uterus resulting in
pregnancy.
Questions: 9. Give reasons for the following :
1. Tadpoles growing in iodine deficient water have retarded growth.
45-50 years. The egg begins to mature with the onset of puberty. One mature ovum is released by one
of the ovaries every month. The process is called ovulation. During this period, the walls of the uterus
become thick so as to receive fertilized egg. Then this egg gets implanted in the uterus resulting in
pregnancy.
Questions: 9. Give reasons for the following :
1. Tadpoles growing in iodine deficient water have retarded growth.
Ans: The process of growth and development is regulated by thyroxine hormone which is
produced by thyroid gland. Iodine is required for thyroxine production. That is why retarded
growth is seen in tadpoles living in iodine deficient water.
2. Voice becomes hoarse in adolescent boys.
Ans: Sometimes the muscles of the growing voice box go out of control and the voice becomes
hoarse.
3. Adolescents experience acne and pimples.
produced by thyroid gland. Iodine is required for thyroxine production. That is why retarded
growth is seen in tadpoles living in iodine deficient water.
2. Voice becomes hoarse in adolescent boys.
Ans: Sometimes the muscles of the growing voice box go out of control and the voice becomes
hoarse.
3. Adolescents experience acne and pimples.
Ans: This is dues to increased activity of sebaceous (oil) glands in the skin.
4. Females have no role in determining gender of a child.
Ans: Y- chromosomes that leads to a boy offspring is contributed by male parent. That is the
sperms are of two types, having either X or Y chromosome.
Questions: 10. Name the hormone secreted by the following glands, write their functions as well.
Ans: Gland Hormone Function
Pituitary Growth hormone Controls the activities of other
glands and helps in growth
Thyroid Thyroxine Metabolism of carbohydrates,fats
Pancreas Insulin Regulates sugar metabolism of
sugar, deficiency causes diabetes.
Adrenal Adrenaline Helps body to fight stress
Questions: 11. Write short note on reproductive health of adolescents.
Ans:1. Nutritional needs of adolescents
4. Females have no role in determining gender of a child.
Ans: Y- chromosomes that leads to a boy offspring is contributed by male parent. That is the
sperms are of two types, having either X or Y chromosome.
Questions: 10. Name the hormone secreted by the following glands, write their functions as well.
Ans: Gland Hormone Function
Pituitary Growth hormone Controls the activities of other
glands and helps in growth
Thyroid Thyroxine Metabolism of carbohydrates,fats
Pancreas Insulin Regulates sugar metabolism of
sugar, deficiency causes diabetes.
Adrenal Adrenaline Helps body to fight stress
Questions: 11. Write short note on reproductive health of adolescents.
Ans:1. Nutritional needs of adolescents
2. personal hygiene
3. physical exercise
Questions:12. What are the causes of AIDS?
Ans: 1. Sharing needle of the syringe
2. unprotected sex with infected person.
3. blood transfusion from infected person to healthy one.
4. infected mother can pass HIV through milk to an infant.
3. physical exercise
Questions:12. What are the causes of AIDS?
Ans: 1. Sharing needle of the syringe
2. unprotected sex with infected person.
3. blood transfusion from infected person to healthy one.
4. infected mother can pass HIV through milk to an infant.
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