SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENT -II SCIENCE CBSE BOARD MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES FOR 10TH

1. India has more than 50,000 strains of rice. Mention the level of biodiversity it represents. [2010]      Ans. It is a genetic variation within the species.

2. Mention the information that the health workers derive by measuring BOD of a water body. [2009]

Ans. BOD (Biological Oxygen Demand) is the amount of oxygen required for biological oxidation of microbes in any unit volume of water.

3. State an instance where human intervention saved the forest from destruction. [2009]

Ans. Chipko movement.

4. Name any two forest products, each of which is the basis for some industry. [2009]

Ans. 

1. Wood : Sports, furniture and paper manufacturing.

2. Resin : Turpentine industry.

5. Why are coal and petroleum considered to be non-renewable sources of energy? [2009]

Ans. Coal and petroleum are considered non-renewable sources of energy because they are not being formed continuously in nature and are, therefore, not replenished. Continuous use will result in their depletion.

6. What is meant by renewable natural resources? [2009]

Ans. Renewable natural resources are replenished regularly and are therefore, likely to remain available indefinitely if they are used judiciously. Example : forests.

7. What are the two kinds of natural resources? [2009]

Ans. (i) Inexhaustible resources that occur in abundance and does not diminish with time.

(ii) Exhaustible resources are likely to reduce with continued exploitation.

8. Which one of the following is a renewable resource? Natural gas, Petroleum, Ground water, Coal. [2008]

Ans. Ground water.

9. Fire wood is our conventional fuel. List any four reasons for replacing it by alternate sources of energy. ]2008]

Ans. (i) It results in deforestation.                        (ii) Small energy value.

       (iii) It is bulky.                                              (iv) More pollution is produced.

10. Which one of the following gases is the major constituent of biogas: CO2, H2, CH4, CO2?[2008]

Ans. CH4 (methane)

11. How is the increase in demand for energy affecting air environment already? [2008]

Ans. The increased consumption of fossil fuels like coal, petroleum and natural gas is releasing a lot of polluting gases such as CO2, CO, SO2 and NO2 some of which are causing green house effect and acid rain.

12.Select two non-biodegradable substances from the following waste generated in a kitchen : Spoilt food, paper bags, milk bags, vegetable peels, tin cans, used tea leaves [2011]
Ans. Non-biodegradable substance are: Milk bags and tin cans.

13. "Burning fossil fuels is a cause of global warming." Justify this statement. [2011]

Ans. Fossil fuels are composed of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulphur. When these are burnt, the

products are CO2, H2O, oxides of nitrogen and sulphur. Incomplete combustion of fossil fuels produces green house gases such as CO2. If huge amount of fossil fuels are burnt, it would produce high amount of CO2 resulting in intense global warming.

14.List any four stakeholders which may help in the conservation of forests. [2011 ]

Ans. The four main stakeholders are –

(i) People : They live in and around forests and depend on forest produce for various aspects of their lives.

(ii) The government : It owns and controls the resources of forests and wildlife.

(iii) The industrialists : They use forest produce but are not dependent on a forest in any one area
15. Why should we conserve forests? Suggest any two ways to conserve forests. [2008]
Ans. We must conserve forests to preserve the biodiversity because it is the home of a large variety of plants and animals. Two ways to conserve forests are :
(i) Social forestry to meet the demands of community and reduce the stress on forest.
(ii) Afforestation helps in the restoration of the ecological balance.

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Extra marks: Summative Assessments: Important Board Questions with answers

1. What does the high level of total coli form count in river Ganga indicates?

Ans: It indicates that water is contaminated by disease causing micro-organisms.


2. What are “biodiversity hot spots”? What is the measure of the biodiversity?


Ans: Forests are “biodiversity hot spots”. One measure of the biodiversity of an area is the number of 
species found here.


3. Which programme was started to replenish forests?


Ans: Silviculture


4. Why scarcity of water is there in our country in spite of nature’s monsoon bounty?


Ans: . It has taken place due to the following reasons:

(a) Failure to sustain water availability underground which has resulted largely from the loss of vegetation cover.  

(b) Diversion for high water demanding crops.  

(c) Pollution from industrial effluents and urban wastes.

5. What is the effect of continuous depletion of ground water along coastal region?

Ans: The effect of continuous depletion of ground water along coastal region will lead to movement of saline 
sea water into freshwater wells then spoiling their quality.


6. Why is dependence of man on nature greater than that of any other organism?


Ans: Man’s dependence on the environment is greater than that of other organisms  because man:

(a) Develops curiosity for more comforts and security.  

(b) Consumes large amount of material and energy.

(c) Develops a new kind of socio-economic environment which consists of things developed by man through his tools and techniques.

7. In addition to low rainfall, what are the other reasons for non-availability of water in arid and semi-arid 
zones of our country?


Ans: (a) Flowing of rain water and lack of management to harvest it 
(b) Ground water is pumped out for high water demanding crops.

(c) Water becomes unsafe and unusable due to mixing of urban wastes and effluents from the industries.

8. Why is mining a big source of pollution?


Ans: Mining causes pollution because large amount of slag is discarded for every tonne of metal extracted.


9. Write two points to be kept in mind while storing water in tanks.

Ans: Storage tank should not be located close to the source of contamination and should be accessible for cleaning.

10. Write any two alternatives to dams.

Ans: Adopting water harvesting techniques and reducing the scale of floods  through  better catchment management

11. Why do you think there should be equitable distribution of resources?

Ans: We think that there should be equitable distribution of resources because not only a handful of rich and powerful people, but all the people may get benefit from the development of these resources.

12. Which canal has brought greenery to considerable areas of Rajasthan?


Ans: Indira Gandhi Canal.


13. What were the two main problems as a result of Tawa Irrigation Project?


Ans: Water logging and increasing salinity


14. Write the advantages of giving the control of water management to the residents of the area?


Ans. Water harvesting techniques are highly locality specific and the benefits are localised. Thus, giving 
people the control over their local water resources ensures that mismanagement and over exploitation of 
these resources is reduced. 


15. State benefits of water harvesting.

Ans:  a. Provides self-sufficiency to water supply

b. Conserves valuable ground water        

c. Reduces cost for pumping ground water

d. Reduces local flooding and drainage problems

16. How did Chipko Andolan ultimately benefit the local population? Give any three benefits?


Ans:  a. The locals benefitted from forest produces  

b. The wild life and nature were conserved

c. The quality of air and soil was preserved

17. Quote three instances where human intervention saved the forests from destruction.


Ans:   
a. Contribution of Bishnoi movement  

b. Building national parks 
c. Encouraging wildlife sanctuaries

18. Why are environmentalists insisting upon sustainable natural resource management? give any four reasons.

Ans: 
a. Non-renewable resources are limited, we should use them judiciously

b. We should encourage the use of renewable resources

c. We should preserve the environment for future generation

d. The benefits of the controlled exploitation should go to local people

Do yourself :

1. What is considered as eco –religion? (1)

2. How did ’Chipko Andolan’ ultimately benefit the local population? (2)

3. What are ‘Biodiversity hot spots’? What is the measure of biodiversity in an area? How is it being affected? (2)

4. Why do you think there should be equitable distribution of resources? What forces would be working against an equitable distribution of our resources? (2)

5. Why do we need to resort to water harvesting when we can collect rain water and use it?(2)

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Q1. Name a bacteria found in human intestine?

Ans: Coliform bacteria is found in human intestine.

Q2. Which is the easiest method to detect water pollution?

Ans : pH detection using the universal indicator.

Q3. A person lives near a forest. Enlist 4 items which he can get from forests to meet his daily needs.

Ans: food, fodder, fuel and medicinal plants.

Q4 .Why are forest called “biodiversity hot spot”?

Ans : forest are rich in most of the species of flora and fauna. All species of plants like  bryophyte, pteridophyta, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms and animal species from amoeba to man are found.

Q5.Name 4 substances that can be recycled.

Ans: glass, plastics, metals and paper.

Q6. What do you mean by the trm sustainable development?

Ans: Sustainable development means to meet the needs of present generation ,without  foreclosing the options of future generation, to keep balance between development and environment. 

Q7.How does mining lead to pollution?

Ans : Mining causes pollution because the large amount of slag is discarded for every ton  of metal extracted in the earth.

Q8. ”Coal and petroleum are converted forms of solar energy”.is this statement correct?

Ans :This is statement is correct because millions of years ago the raw material from  which coal and petroleum are derived were dead and decayed plants , which when were living photosynthesized by solar energy.

Q9 . Hydroelectric power is also an indirect form of solar energy. how?

Ans: Hydroelectric power is indirect form of energy, because the water which is stored in dams is rain water and rainfall occurs due to evaporation of water from water bodies due  to heat of the sun.

Q10 . Write at least two ways by which people of ancient India managed water resources?

Ans: a) kulhs in Himachal Pradesh   (b) khadins in Rajasthan.

Q11.What will happen if loss of biodiversity occurs?

Ans: when loss of biodiversity will occur ,it will lead to ecological crisis, the food chains  and food webs will get disturbed and resources will not be available for future  generations.

Q12.What strategies should be adopted such that forest products are used and the 
environment also  does not get disturbed?

Ans : Reforestation and afforestation to remake forests.

b) Not allowing monoculture of plants.

c) Employment of local people for maintenance of forests .

d) Killing of animals should be banned. Steps to create awareness among people to save the endangered flora and fauna should be taken.

Q13. Besides conservation of wildlife and forest, suggest some ways which can improve 
our environment.

Ans: a) Water  conservation , mainly fresh water.

b) Use of coal and petroleum should be done judiciously as its sources are limited.

c) Recyclable material such as paper, glass ,metals should be segregated from the trash. Biodegradable trash should be used for bio energy through fermentation and  anaerobic respiration to produce biogas. 

d) Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen should not be released into the atmosphere.

Q14.What is watershed management? what is its aim and what are the benefits?

Ans :watershed management is a scientific way of developing primary and secondary  sources of water .Its main aim is to develop primary sources of land and water and use  scientific methods to increase the biomass production as secondary sources so that no  ecological imbalance occurs. They  work on rejuvenating ancient and traditional way of  water storage along with mega- projects like dams and reservoir

Q15.  what you can do as an individual to reduce consumption of various nature 
resoources  and help in environment conservation?

Ans : a) follow 3 R’s(reduce, recycle, and reuse)

b) wastage of paper and water can be reduced .

ALL OLD BOOKS, MAGZINE CAN BE GIVEN FOR RECYCLING.

c) extra food  should be given to poor instead of throwing it.

d) Plastic, polythene, metal cans can be recycled

e)wastage of electricity, petrol, diesel, LPG can be prevented

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        Chapter - 15 Our Environment           
             Questions Paper Set-1                   

1 mark Questions:-

1. Write any one significance of biochemical 
cycles?

2. Define environment.

3. According to the sustenance from 
environment, organisms can be grouped into 
which three categories?

4. Name any two groups of producers.

5. Define consumers.

6. Write the two raw materials for making food, used by living organisms of first tropic level.

7. Explicate the principle of food web.

8. Which of the following are more numerous in a food chain:–

(i) Secondary consumer (ii) Tertiary consumer

9. Define biological magnification.

10. Write the names of two decomposers.

11. Define global warming.

12. Write one ill effect of exposure to ultraviolet rays.

13. Which component of sunlight is vital for formation of ozone?

14. As a step to control pollution ‘Kulhads’ were used on a large scale. What was the ill effect  of this practice?

15. A food chain consists of grass, lion and rabbit. In this food chain, which organism will  transfer maximum energy?

16. Which of the following are Biodegradable; plastic toys, cow dung, aluminum foil and  cotton?

17. Name the programme that froze CFC production in 1986.

18. Expand UNEP.

19. Which is greater – energy lost to the environment or energy transferred to next trophic level?

20. Write a common feature between a food chain and energy flow in nature.

21. How is packaging related to increase in non biodegradable waste?

22. Burning the coal yields energy, but if try to eat coal we will not get any energy. Why?

2 Marks Questions:-