How our heart and blood works

How your heart works?

THE HEART IS A HOLLOW MUSCLE in the middle of the chest that pumps blood around the body supplying cells with oxygen and nutrients. A muscular wall, called the septum, divides the heart lengthways into left and right sides. A valve divides each side into two chambers: an upper atrium and lower ventricle. When the heart muscle contracts, it squeezes blood through the atria and then through the ventricles. Oxygenated blood from the lungs flows from the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, through the left ventricle, and then out via the aorta to all parts of the body. Deoxygenated blood returning from the body flows from the vena cava into the right atrium, through the right ventricle, and then out via the pulmonary artery to the lungs for reoxygenation. At rest the heart beats between 60 and 80 times a minute; during exercise or at times of stress or excitement the rate may increase to 200 beats a minute.

Why does your heart beat?

Your heart beats so that it can pump blood around your body. The heart is an organ in your chest, and it is partly made up of muscles. As its muscles contract, or tighten, the heart pushes blood around the blood vessels, or tubes, inside your body. The blood carries digested food and oxygen around the body and takes away waste.

Where does blood go?

Blood goes all around the body and back again. After it leaves the heart, the blood delivers oxygen to the body. By the time the blood returns to the heart, the oxygen has been used up. So, the heart sends the blood to the lungs to collect more oxygen. Then, it passes back to the heart to be pumped around the body again.

Why is blood red?

Blood is red because there are blood cells in it. Red cells contain hemoglobin, a chemical that carries oxygen, and this is what makes them red. Blood contains fluid called plasma, plus red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets. White blood cells fight harmful germs. Platelets stop us from bleeding to death when our skin is cut by clotting (setting) the blood.

How much blood do you have?

As adult has between 4 and 6 liters of blood. When old blood cells wear out, new ones are made inside your bones in the part called the bone marrow. We each have one of eight different types of blood, called blood groups. It people lose blood in an accident, doctors are careful to check which blood group they need giving them new blood

How does brain work

How does your brain work?

Your brain works by sending and receiving messages through the nerves in your body. The nerves act like the body’s telephone system. Information from your senses passes along nerves, up the spinal cord (a long nerve inside your backbone), all the way to your brain. Your brain can store this information and use it to send a message back to the body. When you touch something, nerves send a message to the brain. The brain works out what the message means and sends a message back.

When did you feel pain?

You feel pain when your brain tells you to. When you touch something sharp or hot, nerves in your fingertips send a message to your brain to warn it of the danger. The brain processes this information and tells the muscles in your arm to move your hand away from the source of pain as quickly as possible.

What does your brain do?

Your brain controls your body. It tells the rest of your body what to do and when to do it. Different parts of the brain have different jobs. The biggest part is the cerebrum, and it does most of the thinking based on information it gets from your senses. The right half of your brain controls the left side of your body and the half controls the right side.

Did you know?
Messages traveling along the spinal cord to the brain race along at over 300 kilometers an hour – which is faster than most fast trains.

Does your brain ever rest?

No, even when you are in a deep sleep your brain never rests. The brain is always on the go. At nigh, it keeps your heart beating, makes sure you breathe and controls many other body functions. This is also the time when the brain processes, or sorts out, all the new stuff you learned during the day.

General Science Quiz Questions & Answers-2

CBSE PHYSICS

1. Why does an electric bulb make a bang when it is broken?
   An electric bulb has a partial vacuum. When it is broken, air rushes into take the place of the vacuum, hence it bangs.
   
2. Why does ship made of steel float though a steel ball sinks?
   The ship displaces more water then its own weight whereas the weight of the water displaced by a steel ball is much less than the weight of the steel ball.
   
3. Why do the stars twinkle?
   The stars seem to twinkle due to two causes. First the light from the stars passes through several mediums; secondly our vision has a tendency to distract.
   
   
4. Why is it easier to swim in a sea than in a river?                                                                         The density of the sea water is higher than the density of the river water.
5. Why is hot soup tastier than the colder one?
   As temperature is increased, surfaced tension decreases and the liquid now occupies more area. Thus the hot soup occupies more area on the tongue and is, therefore, more tasty than the colder one.
6. Thick glass tumblers often crack when very hot liquids are poured into them. Why?
   The inner layer tends to expand more rapidly than the outer layer thus producing phenomenon of unequal expansion resulting in cracks due to the resulting pressure.
7. Why does water get cooled in an earthen pitcher?
   Pitchers have pores through which water percolate which evaporates. During evaporation heat is taken away and the water gets cooled.
8. Why do the sky and the water of the ocean look blue?
   The blue part of the sunlight is scattered by the particles of the atmosphere around, while other parts of light pass through it: that is why the sky looks blue because of the refraction of the blue light only.
9. Which will reach the ground first: a bullet which is shot horizontally from a gun or similar bullet thrown upward from the ground?
   Obviously horizontally shot bullet is to come down first. Its direction is perpendicular to that of gravitational force. So both vectors will not affect each other but in the case of a bullet shot upward has velocity vector in the opposite direction of gravitation force. So it will take more time.
10. Why does an iron gain weight on rusting?
    The rusted iron is nothing but iron-oxide. Iron in the presence of moisture absorbs oxygen from the atmosphere and forms iron oxide. The weight gained is equal to the weight of oxygen absorbed.
    
11. Why does hard water not readily form lather with soap?
    Hard water contains the sulphates and chlorides of magnesium and calcium, which form insoluble compounds with soap. Hence soap does not lather with hard water.
12. Why tare mountains cooler than plains?
    It is so because, firstly, the air on the mountains is rare than that on the plains and absorbs less heat than the air on the plains, secondly the heat absorbed during the day on the mountains radiates away more quickly due to the rarity of the air, thirdly, major portion of the mountains remains in shade.
13. Why is sea-water saline?
    The rivers in the course of their flow and falling into the sea bring with them deposits of salt this process has been going on for lakhs of years, it makes sea-water saline.
14. Glass when heated cracks while metal does not?
    Glass being bad conductor of heat only that part is heated which comes into contact with heat while the other parts remain unaffected. This results in unequal expansion and hence the tension which cracks the glass. On the other hand, metal is a good conductor of heat and so all its bulk gets uniformly heated and hence no surface tension.
15. Why does it not hurt when we cut our nails?
    Nails are the parts of the body which are not connected either with the blood vessels or cartilage and hence having no relation with the nervous system. Therefore cutting them does not give pain.
    
    
16. A hydrogen balloon rises. Why?
    Hydrogen is lighter than air; the weight of the hydrogen balloon is less than the weight of the air displaced by it.
    
17. Why is a compass used as an indicator of direction?
    The magnetic needle of the compass due to the influence of the earth’s magnetic field always lies in the north south direction. Hence we can know the direction.
    
18. Why is a country like Ladakh, it may be very hot in sunshine, but bitterly cold in shade?
    The atmosphere on great heights like Ladakh is rarefied, which offers little obstacle to the rays of the sun which are therefore, scorching. But the rarefied air absorbs little heat from the rays of the sun; therefore, the atmosphere remains cold. Hence it is very cold in the shade.
    
19. Why does a straight stick look bent when a part of it is immersed in water?
    The rays of the lights passing from a rare medium to a dense medium change their course due to refraction, where the rays coming from stick in water come in air at surface they get displaced away from perpendicular as our eyes see straight way so the stick seems bent.
    
20. Why does water boil at a lower temperature on the hills than on the plains?
    The higher the pressure, the higher boiling point: the lower the pressure the lower the boiling point. The atmosphere pressure on the hills is lower than that on the earth.

Branches of science and definations

CBSE ADDA   Science Dealing with Different Subjects

Agriculture – Culture of all cultures.

Agronomy – Agros = field + nomous = cultivation i.e. Art of growing crops.

Aeronautics – Science of flight of aeroplanes.

Anatomy – Structure of human body

Arboriculture – Cultivation of trees and vegetables.

Astronomy – Study of heavenly bodies.

Biology – Science of living bodies.

Botany – Science of plant life

Chemistry – composition and properties of various elements in nature.

Cryptography – Secret writing.

Cryogenics – Concerned with the production, control and application of very low temperatures.

Cytogenetics – Cell formation.

Cytology – Dealing with cells.

Entomology – Insects study.

Exobiology – Science deals with life or possibilities of life existing beyond the earth.

Floriculture – Flowers cultivation.

Geology – Condition and structure of the earth.

Horticulture – Art of garden cultivation.

Hydroponics – Culture of plants without soil, with the help of chemical solution containing nutrients.

Iconography – Teaching by pictures and models.

Jurisprudence – Science of law.

Lexicography – Compiling of dictionary.

Meteorology – Atmospheric phenomenon.

Mycology – The study of fungi.

Neurology – The study of nerves.

Numismatics – Coins and medals.

Obstetrics – Branch of medicine dealing with pregnancy.

Odontography – Science and study of Teeth.

Olericulture – Vegetables growing.

Ornithology – The study of bones.

Paleontology – Study of animal fossils.

Pathology - (Pathos = disease +logus-knowledge) Study of disease.

Pedagogy – Education

How to Become a Champion in Physical Science

CBSE PHYSICS
Feel Like a Champion in Physical Science

Physical Science can be a challenging subject to many people. However, it is a worthwhile subject to learn, not only to fulfill a requirement in school but also to be able to understand the physical world around you. When you overcome the challenge of a difficult subject and realize that you understand much more than you thougth, you can feel good about yourself—like a champion.

There are some simple steps to follow in order for you to get to this stage. It is worthwhile making the effort, because you get more out of life from feeling like a champion.

Questions you may have include:

• What is a champion?
• How can you become a champion in science?
• Why bother making the effort?

  Champion in science

  The science champion is a person who wins the Science Fair, gets the best grades in his or her class or wins some other competition in science. Only one person can be the champion, but many can be a champion. In fact, sometimes a champion can feel better about the achievement than the champion.
  
  A champion is a person who does his or her best to achieve a difficult goal. It is exceeding your expectations and pushing yourself to the limit. It is being happy and proud of your achievement.
  
  A person who finds something new in a science experiment is a champion. The student who finally understands a difficult scientific concept can feel like a champion. The teacher whose students all do well in the science test is a champion.
  

  Method

  The ways to achieve your goals and feel like a champion are to:
  
  
  1. Have an idea of what you want or need to do
  2. Get others to root for you
  3. Follow the 5 Powers of a Champion
  4. Celebrate your successes or re-evaluate and try a different tact.
  5. Give thanks by helping others succeed

  Great idea

  You have to know what it is you want to achieve and have an idea of how to do it. Perhaps you need to understand some difficult concept, and you have an idea of looking for explanations on the Internet. Or maybe you want to do well and even win a science fair. So you get an idea of a cool experiment to demonstrate.
  
  

  Support

  It is possible to achieve a goal by yourself, but it is usually better to get some help or even moral support. If you have someone rotting for your success, it makes the victory all that more sweet.
  
  

  5 Powers

  The 5 Powers of a Champion are to try to be healthy, knowledgeable, excellent, and valuable, as well as to have character.
  
  

  Health and vitality

  You need to be in good condition to perform with vitality and at your best. You should make every effort to be physically, mentally and spiritual healthy. It is difficult to achieve your goals if you are sickly, lack energy or have your senses dulled with drugs. It is difficult to think if you lack confidence, have emotional problems or just aren't alert. Instead, try to be in the best shape, so that you have the vitality to perform well.
  
  

  Knowledge and confidence

  Certainly, you should read and study your science lessons. But also, you should be curious and observant to notice the scientific principles in action. Wonder about things and ask, "Why?" Having knowledge and the skill to apply that knowledge gives you the feeling of confidence. You can achieve much more when you feel confident. Others will notice this air about you.
  
  

  Excellence and pride

  You always want to do your best. Be proud of what you do. Nothing makes you feel better than to be able to step back and admire your work. But also, others will admire you and your work.
  
  

  Value and motivation

  You need to be motivated by the value of what you hope to achieve or receive. But also, you need to motivate others to help you by providing them with what they would like.
  
  

  Character, honesty and determination

  You need courage to achieve a difficult goal, especially if other know what you are trying to do. Also, in everything you do, you should be honorable and honest. Winning by cheating is no victory. Rather it is a loss in character. People judge others by their character more than any other factor.
  
  

  Celebrate

  If you achieve your goal, celebrate. This is when you feel like a champion. In fact, celebrate every little success along the way. That will give you more confidence.
  
  If you suffer a setback, and it doesn't look like you will achieve your goal, take a step back to re-evaluate the situation. Make some adjustments and try again.
  
  

  Give thanks

  Give thanks for your achievement, especially to those that helped you. And don't forget to give back by helping others succeed in their efforts. Champion their causes.
  
  

  Why bother?

  Becoming a champion in science will result in feeling confident and good about yourself, in getting better grades and in gaining the respect and admiration of others. If you accomplish that goal, you will stand head and shoulders above the majority of people.
  
  Your time here on Earth is limited, so why not make the most of it and be a champion? That is what it is all about.
  
  

  Summary

  To excel and become a Champion in science and in school:
  
  
  1. Have an idea of what you want or need to do
  2. Get others to root for you
  3. Follow the 5 Powers of a Champion
  4. Celebrate your successes or re-evaluate and try a different tact.
  5. Give thanks by helping others succeed
  Do this and you will feel like a champion.

General Science Quiz Questions

CBSE PHYSICS

General Science Quiz Questions

1. Which instrument is used to measure pressure?
   
   1. Saccharimeter
   2. Ammeter
   3. Manometer
   4. Lactometer
2. What does Angstrom measure?
   
   1. Quantity of liquid
   2. Length of light waves
   3. Length of cables
   4. Speed of ships
3. Light year is related to
   
   1. Energy
   2. Speed
   3. Distance
   4. Intensity
4. Match the following columns
   

   Column 1	Column 2
   A. Relative	1. Pyrometer humidity
   B. Anemometer	2. High temperature
   C. Navigation	3. Hygrometer
   D. Direction of wind	4. Chronometer
   1 2 3 4 a. B D A C b. D B A C c. A D B C d. C A D B

5. Which of the following instruments is used to measure pressure of gases?
   
   1. Barometer
   2. Manometer
   3. Ammeter
   4. None of these
6. Joule is the unit of
   
   1. Temperature pressure
   2. Energy
   3. Heat
7. How many Dynes are there in one gram weight?
   
   1. 900
   2. 375
   3. 981
   4. 250
8. How many Ergs are these in 1 Joule?
   
   1. 102
   2. 104
   3. 106
   4. 107
9. The unit of current is
   
   1. Ohm
   2. Watt
   3. Ampere
   4. None of these
10. The unit of energy in MKS system is
    
    1. Volt
    2. Erg
    3. Ohm
    4. Joule
11. The intensity of an earthquake is measured with a
    
    1. Barometer
    2. Hydrometer
    3. Polygraph
    4. Seismograph
12. Centigrade & Fahrenheit scales give same reading at
    
    1. - 40°
    2. - 32°
    3. - 273°
    4. - 100°
13. Match the following columns
    

    Column 1	Column 2
    A. Anemometer	1. To measure underwater depth using sound
    B. Aneroid barometer	2. To measure very small distances
    C. Micrometer	3. Find out wind speed
    D. Fathometer	4. Find out direction of wind
    	5. Measure atmospheric pressure
    1 2 3 4 a. A4 B5 C3 D1 b. A3 B5 C2 D1 c. A5 B1 C3 D4 d. A3 B1 C5 D2

    
    
14. Who among the following described protoplasm as the physical basis of life?
    
    1. T. H. Huxley
    2. Leeuwenhoek
    3. Rudolf Virchow
    4. J. C. Bose
15. The scientist who first discovered that the earth revolves round the sun was
    
    1. Newton
    2. Dalton
    3. Copernicus
    4. Einstein
16. Alexander Fleming discovered
    
    1. Penicillin
    2. X-ray
    3. Streptomycin
    4. Telephone
17. Who among following invented the steam engine?
    
    1. Marconi
    2. James Watt
    3. Thomas Savery
    4. Wright Brothers
18. Who invented typewriter?
    
    1. Shockley
    2. Pascal
    3. Sholes
    4. Waterman
19. Match the following columns:
    

    Column 1	Column 2
    A. Proton	1. Chadwick
    B. Neutron	2. Millikan
    C. Charged Electron	3. Goldstein
    D. Shelled nature of atom	4. Rutherford
    	5. Madam Curie
    a. A1 B2 C3 D5 b. A2 B1 C4 D3 c. A2 B3 C1 D4 d. A4 B2 C3 D1

General Science Questions & Answers

General Science Questions & Answers

01        The theory of relativity was propounded by—-Albert Einstein

02        The principal metal used in manufacturing steel is—– Iron

03        An alimeter is used for measuring Altitude

04        Oology is the study of Birds eggs

05        Radioactivity was discovered by Henry Bacquerel

06        The metal used in storage batteries is Lead

07        The instrument used to measure the relative humidity of air is —-Hygrometer

08        Barometer was invented by —-Torricelli

09        The unit of power is —-Watt

10        Radium was discovered by —-Marie and Pierrie Curie

11        The existence of isotopes was discovered by —-Frederick Soddy

12        Dynamo was invented by —-Michael Faraday

13        The nuclear reactor was invented by —-Enrico Ferni

14        The law of gravitation was propounded by —-Sir Isaac Newton

15        Crescograph was invented by —-J.C.Bose

16        Crescograph is used to measure —-the Rate of growth of a plant

17        Galileo’s first scientific discovery was —-Pendulum

18        Microscope was invented by —-Aaton Van Leewen Hock

19        The scientist who is known as father of modern biology is —-Aristotle

20        The first person to see a cell under microscope was —-Robert Hooke

21        The smallest flowering plant is —-Worffia

22        The four blood groups were discovered by —-Karl Landsteiner

23        Sodium was discovered by —-Sir Humphry Davy

24        The atomic number of oxygen is —-Eight

25        The basic building blocks of proteins are —-Amino acids

26        The botanical name of the cotton plant is —-Gossipium Hirsutum

27        An Electroscope is used to —-Detect charges on a body

28        The unit of loudness is —-Phon

29        An ammeter is used to measure —-Electric current

30        Plant that eat insects are called —-Insectivorous plants

31        Fruits that are formed without fertilization are called —-Parthenocarpic

32        Plants that flower only once in their lifetime are called —-Mono carpic

33        The botanical name for rice is —-Oryza Sativa

34        Penicillin is obtained from      —-Mould

35        The largest tree in the world is —-Seguoia Gigantica

36        Herpetology is the study of —-Reptiles

37        Entomology is the study of —-Insects

38        Ornithology is the study of —-Birds

39        Ichtyology is the study of —-Fishes

40        Osteology is the study of —-Bones

41        The botanical name for brinjal is —-Solanum melongenal

42        The botanical name for onion is —-Allium Cepa

43        The study of sound is called —-Acoustics

44        The study of heavenly bodies is called —-Astronomy

45        The study of tissues is called —-Histology

46        Electric Lamp was invented by —-Thomas alva Edison

47        The fear of crowd is called —-Ochlophobia

48        The fear of books is called —-Bibliophobia

49        The fear of going to bed is called —-Clinophobia

50        The symbol of gold is —-Au

51        The symbol of sodium is —-Na

52        The symbol of Sr stands for —-Strontium

53        The symbol Rb stands for —-Rubidium

54        The symbol Md stands for —-Mendelevium

55        Calcium sulphate is commonly called —-Plaster of Paris

56        Sodium carbonate is commonly called —-Washing Soda

57        Sodium chloride is commonly known as —-Common Salt

58        The chemical name of Chloroform is —-Trichloromethane

59        The chemical name of baking powder is —-Sodium bicarbonate

60        The chemical name of bleaching powder is —-Calcium hypochlorite

61        The formula HCL stands for —-Hydrochloric Acid

62        The formula H2SO4 stands for —-Sulphuric Acid

common science questions

CBSE PHYSICS
What influence does the moon have on the Earth?
The main effect of the moon on Earth is its influence on tides. Ocean tides result because the side of the Earth that is facing the moon is affected by the moon's gravity more than the center or opposite side. This creates the effect of ocean water constantly being attracted to two bulges on opposite sides of the Earth, thus creating the tides.
How hot is the sun?
The surface of the sun is 5,778 K, or 9,941 degrees Fahrenheit. The core of the sun, however, is a staggering 15,700,000 K, or 28,259,540 degrees Fahrenheit. The Earth is just far enough away from the sun to not burn up and just close enough to not turn into a frozen wasteland. Other planets in our solar system are uninhabitable because of their proximity to the sun.
What is an endangered species?
An endangered species is defined as any species at risk of extinction. This can be caused by dwindling numbers or impending environmental changes. Although the term endangered species is used in a broad manner, there are other classifications within the larger category of threatened organisms, including vulnerable and critically endangered. Examples of endangered species include blue whales, snow leopards, tigers, and the albatross.
How many types of insects are there?
Six and 10 million unique species of insects are in existence on our planet. However, only around 1 million of these have been officially discovered. Among discovered insects, beetles are greatest in number, with around 360,000 unique species. A total of 170,000 species of butterflies have been recorded, while only 300 types of webspinners have been discovered.
What is global warming?
Global warming is a description of the increase in Earth's surface temperature. This phenomenon has been noticed since the mid-1900s, and is predicted to continue unless humans do something to curb or reverse it. Global warming is widely acknowledged to be a result of the greenhouse effect: as our atmosphere grows thicker with greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, the sun's rays penetrate the atmosphere, reflect off of the Earth's surface, and are then unable to pass back through the atmosphere, heating up the earth.

CBSE PHYSICS

General Science Questions and Answers

No.	Question	Answer
1	The theory of relativity was propounded by	Albert Einstein
2	The principal metal used in manufacturing steel is	Iron
3	An altimeter is used for measuring	Altitude
4	Oology is the study of	Bird Eggs
5	Radioactivity was discovered by	Henry Bacquerel
6	The metal used in storage batteries is	Lead
7	The instrument used to measure the relative humidity of air is	Hygrometer
8	Barometer was invented by	Torricelli
9	The unit of power is	Watt
10	Radium was discovered by	Marie and Pierrie Curie
11	The existence of isotopes was discovered by	Frederick Soddy
12	Dynamo was invented by	Michael Faraday
13	The nuclear reactor was invented by	Enrico Ferni
14	The law of gravitation was propounded by	Sir Isaac Newton
15	Crescograph was invented by	J.C.Bose
16	Crescograph is used to measure the	Rate of growth of a plant
17	Galileo's first scientific discovery was	Pendulum
18	Microscope was invented by	Aaton Van Leewen Hock
19	The scientist who is known as father of modern biology is	Aristotle
20	The first person to see a cell under microscope was	Robert Hooke
21	The smallest flowering plant is	Worffia
22	The four blood groups were discovered by	Karl Landsteiner
23	Sodium was discovered by	Sir Humphry Davy
24	The atomic number of oxygen is	Eight
25	The basic building blocks of proteins are	Amino acids
26	The botanical name of the cotton plant is	Gossipium Hirsutum
27	An Electroscope is used to	Detect charges on a body
28	The unit of loudness is	Phon
29	An ammeter is used to measure	Electric current
30	Plant that eat insects are called	Insectivorous plants
31	Fruits that are formed without fertilization are called	Parthenocarpic
32	Plants that flower only once in their lifetime are called	Mono carpic
33	The botanical name for rice is	Oryza Sativa
34	Penicillin is obtained from	Mould
35	The largest tree in the world is	Seguoia Gigantica
36	Herpetology is the study of	Reptiles
37	Entomology is the study of	Insects
38	Ornithology is the study of	Birds
39	Ichtyology is the study of	Fishes
40	Osteology is the study of	Bones
41	The botanical name for brinjal is	Solanum melongenal
42	The botanical name for onion is	Allium Cepa
43	The study of sound is called	Acoustics
44	The study of heavenly bodies is called	Astronomy
45	The study of tissues is called	Histology
46	Electric Lamp was invented by	Thomas alva Edison
47	The fear of crowd is called	Ochlophobia
48	The fear of books is called	Bibliophobia
49	The fear of going to bed is called	Clinophobia
50	The symbol of gold is	Au
51	The symbol of sodium is	Na
52	The symbol of Sr stands for	Strontium
53	The symbol Rb stands for	Rubidium
54	The symbol Md stands for	Mendelevium
55	Calcium sulphate is commonly called	Plaster of Paris
56	Sodium carbonate is commonly called	Washing Soda
57	Sodium chloride is commonly known as	Common Salt
58	The chemical name of Chloroform is	Trichloromethane
59	The chemical name of baking powder is	Sodium bicarbonate
60	The chemical name of bleaching powder is	Calcium hypochlorite
61	The formula HCL stands for	Hydrochloric Acid
62	The formula H2SO4 stands for	Sulphuric Acid
63	The formula CHCI3 stands for	Trichloromethane
64	The formula H2O2 stands for	Hydrogen peroxide
65	A fungus which can only survive on other living organisms is called	Obligate Parasite
66	A plant which lives in the dark is called	Scotophyte
67	A plant adapted to live in dry places is called a	Xerophyte
68	A plant adapted for growth in water is called a	Hydrophyte
69	Bifocal lens was invented by	Benjamin Franklin
70	Cement was invented by	Joseph Aspdin
71	Laser was invented by	Dr.Charles H.Townes
72	Electromagnet was invented by	William Sturgeon
73	Rayon was invented by	Sir Joseph Swann
74	Thermostat is an instrument used for regulating	Constant temperature
75	The science of organic forms and structures is known as	Morphology
76	Phycology is the study of	Algae
77	Tata Institute of Fundamental Research was established in	1945
78	CSIR stands for	Council of Scientific and Industrial Research
79	ISRO stands for	Indian Space Research Organisation
80	The first human being to land on moon was	Neil Armstrong
81	The first Indian in space was	Rakesh Sharma
82	ISAC stands for	ISRO Satellite Centre
83	VSSC stands for	Vikram Sarabhai space Centre
84	The headquarters of ISRO is located at	Bangalore
85	VSSC is located at	Thiruvananthapuram
86	ISAC is located at	Bangalore
87	National Science Centre is located at	New Delhi
88	Central Tobacco Research Institute is located at	Rajahmundry
89	Indian Institute of Horticultural Research is located at	Bangalore
90	The Atomic Energy Commission was set up in	August 1948
91	The first Indian Satellite was	Aryabhatta
92	The first Indian Satellite was launched in the year	1975
93	ASLV stands for	Augmented Satellite Launch Vehicle
94	INSAT stands for	Indian National Satellite
95	The fear of women is known as	Gynophobia
96	The fear of men is known as	Androphobia
97	The scientist who developed the Quantum theory was	Max Plonck
98	The steam engine was invented by	James Watt
99	The botanical name of tea is	Camellia Sinensis
100	Logarithms were devised by	John Napier
101	The acid used in a car battery is	Sulphuric acid
102	The system for writing by blind people was invented by	Louis Braille
103	The parachute was used for the first time by	J.P.Blanchard
104	The German physicit who first demonstrated the existence of Radio waves was	Henrich Hertz
105	The instrument that records the intensity of earthquakes is	Seismograph
106	The laws of floating bodies was discovered by	Archimedes
107	The density of milk is measured by a	Lactometer
108	Fountain pen was invented by	L.E.Waterman
109	The instrument used to measure the pressure of gases is the	Monometer
110	Bhaskara I was a famous	Astronomer
111	The first atomic power station established in India was the	Tarapore Atomic Power Station
112	The role of heredity was demonstrated by	Mendel
113	The instrument used to measure the concentration of salt water is the	Salinometer
114	Spectroscopy is the study of	Anders John Angstrom
115	Dactylography is the study of	Finger Prints
116	A tangent galvanometer is used to study the	Strength of direct current
117	The fruit of Oak is called	Acron
118	ZETA stands for	Zero Energy Thermonuclear Assembly
119	The formula C6H5OH stands for	Phenol
120	Michael Faraday worked as an assistant under another scientist whose name was	Sir Humphry Davy
121	Vulcanised rubber was invented by	Charles Goodyear
122	The symbol Zn stands for	Zinc
123	The symbol He stands for	Helium
124	Celluloid was invented by	A.Parker
125	Glider was invented by	Sir George Caley
126	Safety matches was invented by	J.E.Lundstrom
127	Radio valve was invented by	Sir J.A.Fleming
128	Space Applications Centre is located at	Ahmedabad
129	Atomic Energy Commission is located at	Mumbai
130	Dynamics is the study of	Movements of bodies
131	Statics is the study of	Forces acting on bodies at rest
132	Mechanics is the study of	Forces acting on bodies
133	Zoology is the study of	Animal life
134	Botany is the study of	Plant life
135	Psychology is the study of	Human mind
136	The first American to orbit earth was	John H.Glen
137	The electro-cardiograph was invented by	William Einthoven
138	The molecular formula of cane sugar is	C12H22O11
139	A compound which contains only hydrogen and Carbon is called a	Hydrocarbon
140	The liquid used to preserve specimens of plans and animals is	Formalin
141	The law of segregaton was propounded by	Mendel
142	Auriscope is used to detect	Ear disorders
143	The three states of matter are	Solid,liquid and gas
144	The scientific name for blood platelets is	Thrombocytes
145	The response of a plant to heat is called	Thermotropism
146	The response of a plant to touch is called	Trigmotropism
147	The symbol Zr stands for	Zirconium
148	Nickel was discovered by	Cronstledt
149	Manganese was discovered by	Gahn
150	The common name for pottasium carbonate is	Potash
151	Bismuth was discovered by	Valentine
152	The biggest plant seed is	Cocodemer
153	Toxicology is the study of	Poisons
154	Virology is the study of	Viruses
155	Paleontology is the study of	Fossils
156	Calorimeter is used to measure	Quantity of heat
157	Chronometer was invented by	John Harrison
158	Stethoscope was invented by	William Stockes
159	Spinning frame was invented by	Sir Richard Arkwright
160	Al stands for	Aluminium
161	Gd stands for	Gadolinium
162	Ir stands for	Iridium
163	Bi stands for	Bismuth
164	The Chemical formula of sodium bicarbonate is	NaHCO3
165	The chemical formula of common salt is	Nacl
166	The chemical formula of washing soda is	Na2CO3,IOH2O
167	The chemical formula of lime soda is	CaCO3
168	The chemical formula of chloroform is	CHcl3
169	The study of grasses is known as	Agrostology
170	The study of antiquities is known as	Archaeology
171	The study of the duration of life is known as	Chronobiology
172	The study of bacteria is known as	Bacteriology
173	Nylon was invented by	Dr.Wallace H.Carothers
174	Electric razor was invented by	Jacob Schick
175	The symbol of silver is	Ag
176	The symbol of silicon is	Si
177	The symbol of titanium is	Ti
178	Calcium oxide is commonly known as	Quick lime
179	A deviation of light passing from one medium to another is known as	Refraction
180	An apparatus for generation of atomic energy is called a	Reactor
181	A machine used for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy is called a	Generator
182	The first Indian woman in space was	Kalpana Chawla
183	The revolver was invented by	Samuel Colt
184	The refrigerator was invented by	J.Perkins

CTET Model Paper Solved Biology

CBSE PHYSICS

Trained Graduate Teacher
Biology : Solved Paper

1. Which of the following is a ‘club moss’ ?
(A) Selaginella
(B) Equisetum
(C) Lycopodium
(D) None of these
Ans : (C)

2. Raphe in Marsilea is present in—
(A) Female gametophyte
(B) Sporocarp
(C) Sporophyte
(D) Male gametophyte
Ans : (B)

3. The stele type occurring in Marsilea is—
(A) Solenostele
(B) Protostele
(C) Amphiphloic Siphonostele
(D) All of these
Ans : (C)

4. The morphological nature of rhizophore of Selaginella is—
(A) Root like
(B) Stem like
(C) Both root and stem like
(D) Rhizoid like
Ans : (C)

5. The Selaginella shows—
(A) Large and small leaves arranged spirally
(B) All leaves large
(C) All leaves small
(D) All of these
Ans : (A)


6. The anatomy of Pinus needle reflects the features of a—
(A) Mesophyte 
(B) Xerophyte
(C) Hydrophyte 
(D) Epiphyte
Ans : (B)

7. Girdling leaf traces are the characteristic feature of the stem of—
(A) Cycas 
(B) Pinus
(C) Ephedra 
(D) Gnetum
Ans : (A)

8. Pinus is a—
(A) Tree 
(B) Shrub
(C) Herb 
(D) None of these
Ans : (A)

9. The recent era is—
(A) Cenozoic 
(B) Mesozoic
(C) Proterozoic 
(D) Archeozoic
Ans : (A)

10. Fossils are found in—
(A) Igneous rocks 
(B) Quartz
(C) Soil 
(D) Sedimentary rocks
Ans : (D)

11. Reserve food material in fungi is—
(A) Glycogen 
(B) Starch
(C) Sucrose 
(D) Maltose
Ans : (A)

12. Which is rootless fern ?
(A) Pteris
(B) Dryopteris
(C) Salvinia 
(D) Adiantum
Ans : (C)

13. Which is common between aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration ?
(A) Similar substrate 
(B) Glycolysis
(C) Pyruvic acid 
(D) All of these
Ans : (B)

14. Turpentine oil is obtained from—
(A) Coal 
(B) Petroleum
(C) Cedarwood 
(D) Pinus
Ans : (D)

15. Which alga was used by Calvin and his co-workers in their experiments of photosynthesis ?
(A) Chlamydomonas 
(B) Chlorella
(C) Chara 
(D) Volvox
Ans : (B)

16. Which is an oilseed crop ?
(A) Marigold 
(B) Chrysanthemum
(C) Rose 
(D) Sunflower
Ans : (D)

17. The first transgenic plant used for commercial production was—
(A) Cotton 
(B) Tomato
(C) Tobacco 
(D) Rice
Ans : (B)

18. Rare hybrid plants can be saved by—
(A) Pollen culture
(B) Embryo culture
(C) Protoplast culture
(D) None of these
Ans : (C)

19. Which is not a category ?
(A) Ecotype 
(B) Species
(C) Genus 
(D) Order
Ans : (A)

20. Linnaeus published his concept of binomial nomenclature first in—
(A) Systema Naturae
(B) Species Plantarum
(C) Genera Plantarum
(D) Philosophia Botanica
Ans : (B)

21. When chlorophyll is burnt which element is obtained ?
(A) Ca 
(B) Na
(C) Mg 
(D) Mn
Ans : (C)

22. Iron deficiency results in—
(A) Leaf tip necrosis
(B) Small leaves disease
(C) Decreased protein synthesis
(D) Intervenal chlorosis appearing first in young leaves
Ans : (D)

23. A phytohormone is—
(A) Naturally produced
(B) Synthetic substance
(C) Both (A) and (B)
(D) None of these
Ans : (A)

24. During the seismonastic movement in Mimosa pudica turgor changes occur in—
(A) Leaflets
(B) Stipules
(C) Pulvinus leaf base
(D) Petiole and stem
Ans : (C)

25. Evergeen trees remain green through the year on account of—
(A) Cold climate
(B) Absence of leaf fall
(C) Leaves falling in small number interval
(D) Supply of moisture throughout year
Ans : (C)

26. Phenotypic ratio of dihybrid test cross is—
(A) 15 : 1 
(B) 3 : 1
(C) 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 
(D) 1 : 1 : 1 : 1
Ans : (C)